South Korea is moving forward with a major modernization program for its K2 main battle tanks, allocating 3.43 trillion won ($2.43 billion) to strengthen their defenses against emerging threats such as unmanned aerial systems and anti-tank weapons.
The K2 Tank Performance Upgrade Project will introduce several new capabilities to the Hyundai Rotem-built armored vehicles. According to the Defense Acquisition Program Administration, planned upgrades include an active protection system, a jammer capable of countering drones and improvised explosive devices, and a remote-controlled weapon station.
The modernization effort is expected to continue for nearly two decades, with implementation planned between 2028 and 2046.
Countering North Korea’s Drone Capabilities
The modernization reflects growing concerns over North Korea’s expanding suicide-drone capabilities, which have reportedly benefited from potential Russian support. These systems can pose a significant threat to armored vehicles by conducting attacks from above, where tanks typically have less protection than on their frontal and side surfaces.
At the same time, Pyongyang is strengthening its conventional armored forces. Its Chonma-20 main battle tank is among the newer systems being developed and is reportedly equipped with an active protection system.
Development of Haeseong-II Anti-Ship Missile
South Korea is also expanding its long-range naval strike capabilities. The defense procurement committee has approved development of the Haeseong-II, a new domestically developed ship-to-ship guided missile.
The program is expected to receive 1.63 trillion won ($1.15 billion) in funding between next year and 2039.
The existing Haeseong anti-ship missile has a range of approximately 150–180 kilometers (93–112 miles). By comparison, the Haeseong-II is expected to provide a range in the mid-300-kilometer (186-mile) class. The increased range would enable South Korean warships to attack opposing vessels from substantially greater distances, enhancing the Navy’s overall maritime strike reach.
