The Indian Air Force (IAF) is progressing towards finalising a long-pending procurement agreement for six Multi-Mission Tanker Transport (MMTT) aircraft, with deliveries anticipated between 2028 and 2030. Estimated to cost between ₹8,000 crore and ₹9,000 crore, the acquisition is aimed at strengthening India’s aerial refuelling capabilities and enhancing the operational flexibility of its combat aviation fleet.
The proposed procurement addresses a critical capability gap within the IAF, which currently operates six ageing Ilyushin IL-78 aerial refuelling aircraft. These platforms have experienced recurring maintenance difficulties and availability constraints, affecting the service’s ability to maintain consistent tanker support for long-range combat operations. The induction of modernised multi-role tankers is therefore expected to improve fleet availability and operational effectiveness.
Under the proposed arrangement, previously operated Boeing 767 aircraft are expected to be converted into modern tanker transport platforms. Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), in collaboration with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), is anticipated to undertake the conversion programme. The partnership would combine IAI’s established experience in tanker aircraft modification with HAL’s manufacturing, integration and maintenance capabilities, while expanding India’s participation in specialised aerospace programmes.
Unlike conventional aerial refuelling platforms, the proposed MMTT aircraft will be designed to perform multiple operational roles. Alongside providing in-flight refuelling to fighter aircraft, the tankers will support troop transportation, cargo movement and strategic airlift missions. This multi-role configuration will enable the IAF to utilise the aircraft across a broader range of operational requirements, including humanitarian assistance, military logistics and strategic deployment.
The acquisition also reflects a departure from earlier procurement initiatives focused on purchasing newly manufactured tanker aircraft. Previous competitions saw the Airbus A330 Multi Role Tanker Transport (MRTT) emerge as a strong contender during technical evaluations. However, the procurement process encountered financial challenges, with acquisition and operational costs becoming major considerations. Converting existing Boeing 767 airframes into tanker aircraft is viewed as a comparatively cost-effective alternative that could deliver the required capabilities while controlling procurement and life-cycle expenditure.
The introduction of additional tanker aircraft is expected to significantly extend the operational reach of India’s frontline fighter fleet, particularly the Dassault Rafale and Sukhoi Su-30MKI platforms. Improved aerial refuelling support will allow combat aircraft to remain airborne for longer durations, undertake extended-range missions and operate across distant geographical theatres without depending extensively on forward operating bases.
Beyond immediate operational benefits, the MMTT programme is aligned with India’s broader defence modernisation and domestic aerospace manufacturing objectives. The anticipated involvement of HAL and other Indian industrial partners in aircraft conversion, systems integration, maintenance and long-term technical support could strengthen indigenous capabilities in specialised aircraft engineering. It may also create opportunities for domestic suppliers involved in aviation components, mission systems and aircraft maintenance infrastructure.
Following the formalisation of the procurement agreement, deliveries are expected to be staggered between 2028 and 2030. The phased induction will progressively expand the IAF’s tanker fleet, improve aircraft availability and provide additional support for sustained air operations across multiple strategic theatres.
The proposed acquisition represents an important capability enhancement for the Indian Air Force at a time when aerial refuelling is becoming increasingly critical to modern air warfare. By extending fighter aircraft endurance, supporting long-range strike missions and improving operational flexibility, the six MMTT aircraft are expected to play a significant role in strengthening India’s future air power and regional strategic capabilities.
