US President Donald Trump has directed the US Navy to examine a return to steam-powered aircraft catapult systems for future aircraft carriers instead of continuing with the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS).EMALS uses a linear induction motor to launch aircraft from carrier decks and was introduced on the Gerald R. Ford-class to replace traditional steam catapults. The system was designed to provide more precise control and faster recovery between launches while reducing some mechanical demands associated with older technology.Under the directive, the Pentagon must prepare an implementation plan within two months. The proposed change would primarily affect the USS Doris Miller (CVN-81) and subsequent carriers, while ships already equipped with EMALS would retain their existing systems.The proposed transition has generated concern within the defense industry because Ford-class carriers were designed around extensive electrical infrastructure. Reintroducing steam catapults could therefore require major design modifications and new manufacturing arrangements.Industry analysts have warned that the change could result in substantial additional costs and schedule delays. General Atomics, which is involved in EMALS development and installation, has also raised concerns about potential integration and program risks.Supporters of EMALS point to its potential operating advantages, including reduced maintenance requirements and lower personnel demands. Critics, however, have questioned the system’s complexity and reliability.The debate reflects a broader disagreement over whether the Navy should continue investing in the Ford-class carrier architecture or reconsider selected technologies used aboard the ships. Any return to steam systems would also require rebuilding an industrial capability that has been largely inactive since steam catapult production declined.The final impact of the directive will depend on the Pentagon’s implementation plan and the technical assessment of modifying future carrier designs.
