Emmanuel Macron will set out plans for how France could extend the protection of the European Union’s only nuclear deterrent to safeguard Europe at a time of growing geopolitical strain, including heightened tensions with Russia and uncertainty over support from the United States.
The speech, to be delivered at France’s Île Longue nuclear submarine base, follows US and Israeli military actions against Iran that risk further destabilizing the Middle East.
Macron is expected to revise elements of France’s nuclear doctrine as the conflict in Ukraine continues into its fifth year and NATO allies weigh concerns about America’s evolving defense posture. European governments, historically dependent on the US nuclear shield, are increasingly exploring options to strengthen indigenous deterrence.
France has held consultations with Germany and Poland on mechanisms through which its nuclear forces could contribute to continental security. Macron has previously indicated willingness to discuss stationing French nuclear-capable aircraft in partner countries.
He also suggested earlier this year that a future doctrine might incorporate enhanced cooperation, joint training initiatives, and shared security frameworks with select European allies.
With an estimated stockpile of roughly 290 warheads, France ranks as the world’s fourth-largest nuclear power. The United Kingdom remains the only other European state possessing nuclear weapons, while the United States and Russia continue to hold significantly larger arsenals.
